Psalm: switch from Phive to Composer

This switches the installation method for Psalm from Phive to Composer, while still using a Phar file for running Psalm.

Includes:
* Removing Psalm from the Phive configuration.
* Adding Psalm to the Composer configuration. Includes upgrading from version `3.11.2` to version `4.8.1`.
* Adjusting the script used in the `Makefile`.
    👉 Please verify and test this as things work differently on different OS-es and this should work for you.
* Adjusting the GH Actions script to use the Composer installed version of Psalm.

Note: due to the committed `composer.lock` file, Psalm will not automatically upgrade when newer versions are available.

Refs:
* https://github.com/vimeo/psalm/releases
* https://github.com/psalm/phar/releases

composer.lock

@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
         "Read more about it at https://getcomposer.org/doc/01-basic-usage.md#installing-dependencies",
         "This file is @generated automatically"
     ],
-    "content-hash": "8a52bc233d90a2f83a3d5ac697d9ccdc",
+    "content-hash": "f1e7818879f1626c05926f50c2c96f44",
     "packages": [
         {
             "name": "phpdocumentor/reflection-common",
@@ -53,6 +53,10 @@
                 "reflection",
                 "static analysis"
             ],
+            "support": {
+                "issues": "https://github.com/phpDocumentor/ReflectionCommon/issues",
+                "source": "https://github.com/phpDocumentor/ReflectionCommon/tree/2.x"
+            },
             "time": "2020-06-27T09:03:43+00:00"
         },
         {
@@ -98,6 +102,10 @@
                 }
             ],
             "description": "A PSR-5 based resolver of Class names, Types and Structural Element Names",
+            "support": {
+                "issues": "https://github.com/phpDocumentor/TypeResolver/issues",
+                "source": "https://github.com/phpDocumentor/TypeResolver/tree/1.4.0"
+            },
             "time": "2020-09-17T18:55:26+00:00"
         },
         {
@@ -160,6 +168,9 @@
                 "polyfill",
                 "portable"
             ],
+            "support": {
+                "source": "https://github.com/symfony/polyfill-ctype/tree/v1.17.1"
+            },
             "funding": [
                 {
                     "url": "https://symfony.com/sponsor",
@@ -223,6 +234,10 @@
                 "check",
                 "validate"
             ],
+            "support": {
+                "issues": "https://github.com/webmozarts/assert/issues",
+                "source": "https://github.com/webmozarts/assert/tree/1.9.1"
+            },
             "time": "2020-07-08T17:02:28+00:00"
         }
     ],
@@ -272,6 +287,10 @@
             "keywords": [
                 "test"
             ],
+            "support": {
+                "issues": "https://github.com/hamcrest/hamcrest-php/issues",
+                "source": "https://github.com/hamcrest/hamcrest-php/tree/v2.0.1"
+            },
             "time": "2020-07-09T08:09:16+00:00"
         },
         {
@@ -337,7 +356,46 @@
                 "test double",
                 "testing"
             ],
+            "support": {
+                "issues": "https://github.com/mockery/mockery/issues",
+                "source": "https://github.com/mockery/mockery/tree/1.3.4"
+            },
             "time": "2021-02-24T09:51:00+00:00"
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "psalm/phar",
+            "version": "4.8.1",
+            "source": {
+                "type": "git",
+                "url": "https://github.com/psalm/phar.git",
+                "reference": "ce0856e5c28a78382d1fa4e1a11cf9aac6292231"
+            },
+            "dist": {
+                "type": "zip",
+                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/psalm/phar/zipball/ce0856e5c28a78382d1fa4e1a11cf9aac6292231",
+                "reference": "ce0856e5c28a78382d1fa4e1a11cf9aac6292231",
+                "shasum": ""
+            },
+            "require": {
+                "php": "^7.1 || ^8.0"
+            },
+            "conflict": {
+                "vimeo/psalm": "*"
+            },
+            "bin": [
+                "psalm.phar"
+            ],
+            "type": "library",
+            "notification-url": "https://packagist.org/downloads/",
+            "license": [
+                "MIT"
+            ],
+            "description": "Composer-based Psalm Phar",
+            "support": {
+                "issues": "https://github.com/psalm/phar/issues",
+                "source": "https://github.com/psalm/phar/tree/4.8.1"
+            },
+            "time": "2021-06-21T02:02:58+00:00"
         }
     ],
     "aliases": [],
@@ -350,5 +408,5 @@
         "ext-filter": "*"
     },
     "platform-dev": [],
-    "plugin-api-version": "1.1.0"
+    "plugin-api-version": "2.1.0"
 }